Industrial Scale Treatment of Biological Cells with Pulsed Electric Fields
Hansjoachim Bluhm, C.
Schultheiss, W. Frey, C. Gusbeth, M. Sack, R. Straessner
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe,
Institut fuer Hochleistungsimpuls- und Mikrowellentechnik, Weberstrasse 5,
76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
Strong pulsed electric fields can induce irreversible pores in the
membranes of biological cells and their organelles. Thereby an efflux from the
cytoplasma can occur and substances accumulated in the cell become accessible.
Therefore pulsed electric fields can be applied for the production of basic
materials for chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries as well as for the
destruction of micro organisms in aquatic systems. By the first application one
cannot only increase the yield of foodstuff and raw materials but also improve
the purity of these products and concomitantly reduce the production and energy
costs. By the second application one can avoid undesirable side effects, which
frequently accompany chemical disinfection methods.
In the presentation we describe the basic biophysical methods that lead
to permeability of cell membranes, present the pulsed power generators required
for large scale industrial utilization of the method and discuss the present
state of the art and problems yet to overcome.